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6.1ex IV More PL Symbolizations
Symbolize as before. Only now you may use quantifiers
and variables as well as names and predicates.
- You may use the old keyboard shortcuts except that now you must
type upper case letters for the predicates. (You can see why, right?)
- Use the '^' or the 'V' for the upside down-A and the '%' or the '3'
for the backward-E. (It's really worth it to download and install the
Logic font! See the home page.)
- You may type a quantifier and variable without parentheses. They will
be added for you! E.g., just type '^x' and
this will be interpreted as '(^x)'.
- As the exercises get longer, it will take the Café longer to
figure out whether or not your answer is correct. Progress is indicated
on the status bar.
Start...
More
Directions, Hints, and Shortcuts...
Symbolize each of the following. Once you have finished
with any answer and moved on, the program will check your work. As long
as your answer is logically equivalent to a correct answer, your answer
will be counted as correct too.
Hints:
- If the program seems to be taking some time to work, note the "status
line" at the bottom left. It keeps you up to date.
- Also, and most importantly, if you just can't get an answer, you
can get help. Enter "?" instead of a symbolization; the correct answer
will pop up.
Start...
Consider the group of people we considered
earlier, students in a logic class including — but not limited
to — Agnes, Bob, and Carola. (We call this group our "universe of
discourse" because these are the people under discussion.) Now, symbolize
the sentences below using quantifiers (as well as truth functional connectives,
'&', 'v', '>', '=',
'~', and the names and predicates from the following key).
universe of discourse: Students including Agnes, Bob, and Carola
a: Agnes, b: Bob, c: Carola
Wx: x will attend law school
Nx: x will need a loan
Sxy: x scored as well as y on the LSAT's.
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